{"id":3235,"date":"2021-07-15T02:30:47","date_gmt":"2021-07-15T02:30:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uninomadasur.net\/?p=3235"},"modified":"2021-07-15T02:30:47","modified_gmt":"2021-07-15T02:30:47","slug":"critica-de-la-razon-negra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uninomadasur.net\/?p=3235","title":{"rendered":"Cr\u00edtica de la raz\u00f3n negra"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Por\u00a0Achille Mbembe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b><strong>Ensayo sobre el racismo contempor\u00e1neo<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Tres momentos marcan la biograf\u00eda de este vertiginoso ensamblaje. El primero es el despojo llevado a cabo durante la trata atl\u00e1ntico entre los siglos XV y XIX, cuando hombres y mujeres originarios de \u00c1frica son transformados en hombres-objetos, hombres-mercanc\u00edas y hombres-monedas de cambio. Prisioneros en el calabozo de las apariencias, a partir de ese instante pasan a pertenecer a otros. V\u00edctimas de un trato hostil, pierden su nombre y su lengua; contin\u00faan siendo sujetos activos, pese a que su vida y su trabajo pertenecen a aquellos con quienes est\u00e1n condenados a vivir sin poder entablar relaciones humanas.<\/p>\n<p>El segundo momento corresponde al nacimiento de la escritura y comienza hacia finales del siglo XVIII cuando, a trav\u00e9s de sus propias huellas, los Negros, estos seres-cooptados-por-otros, comienzan a articular un lenguaje propio y son capaces de reivindicarse como sujetos plenos en el mundo viviente. Marcado por innumerables revueltas de esclavos y la independencia de Hait\u00ed en 1804, los combates por la abolici\u00f3n de la trata, las descolonizaciones africanas y las luchas por los derechos civiles en los Estados Unidos, este per\u00edodo se completa con el desmantelamiento del apartheid durante los a\u00f1os finales del siglo XX.<\/p>\n<p>El tercer momento, a comienzos del siglo XXI, es el de la expansi\u00f3n planetaria de los mercados, la privatizaci\u00f3n del mundo bajo la \u00e9gida del neoliberalismo y la imbricaci\u00f3n creciente entre la econom\u00eda financiera, el complejo post-imperial y las tecnolog\u00edas electr\u00f3nicas y digitales.<\/p>\n<p>Por primera vez en la historia de la humanidad, la palabra Negro no remite solamente a la condici\u00f3n que se les impuso a las personas de origen africano durante el primer capitalismo (depredaciones de distinta \u00edndole, desposesi\u00f3n de todo poder de autodeterminaci\u00f3n y, sobre todo, del futuro y del tiempo, esas dos matrices de lo posible). Es esta nueva caracter\u00edstica fungible, esta solubilidad, su institucionalizaci\u00f3n en tanto que nueva norma de existencia y su propagaci\u00f3n al resto del planeta, lo que llamamos el devenir-negro del mundo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p>Achille Mbembe naci\u00f3 en Camer\u00fan en 1957. Es profesor de Historia y Pol\u00edtica en el Wits Institute for Social and Economic Research (WISER) de la Universidad Witwatersrand de Johannesburgo. Fue profesor de historia en las universidades de Columbia (Nueva York) y de Pennsylvania; y ha dirigido, adem\u00e1s, el Consejo para el Desarrollo de la Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Sociales en \u00c1frica (CODESRIA), con sede en Dakar. Ha publicado los libros La Naissance du maquis dans le Sud-Cameroun (Par\u00eds, 1996), Sortir de la grande nuit. Essai sur l\u2019Afrique decolonis\u00e9e (Par\u00eds, 2010) y los influyentes On the Postcolony (Berkeley, 2001) y Cr\u00edtica de la raz\u00f3n negra (Par\u00eds, 2013 \u2013 Barcelona, Ned Ediciones, 2016). Autor de una obra te\u00f3ricamente novedosa, que renueva los debates en el marco de las teor\u00edas poscoloniales y de la colonialidad del poder.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Por\u00a0Achille Mbembe Ensayo sobre el racismo contempor\u00e1neo Tres momentos marcan la biograf\u00eda de este vertiginoso ensamblaje. El primero es el despojo llevado a cabo durante la trata atl\u00e1ntico entre los siglos XV y XIX, cuando hombres y mujeres originarios de \u00c1frica son transformados en hombres-objetos, hombres-mercanc\u00edas y hombres-monedas de cambio. Prisioneros en el calabozo de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3236,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cr\u00edtica de la raz\u00f3n negra - UninomadaSUR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uninomadasur.net\/?p=3235\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cr\u00edtica de la raz\u00f3n negra - UninomadaSUR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por\u00a0Achille Mbembe Ensayo sobre el racismo contempor\u00e1neo Tres momentos marcan la biograf\u00eda de este vertiginoso ensamblaje. 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